US History I Review for mid term. Lot of info from Columbus Days to the New America (1787).

HISTORY MIDTERM REVIEW

Joint-Stock Companies - Form of business organization that pooled breeds of numerous investors or stock holders who can independently sell their shares of the company. This elbow room people in all classes can help fund explorations, and if the exploration is a failure, than the debt is not too great.

Treaty of Tordesillas - Line make by the pope in 1494 where Spain had land west of the key and Portugal had land east of the line.

Major explorers-

Vasco da gama- Portugal- rounded Cape of full(a) Hope and sailed up the eastern coast

Christopher Columbus- Spain -went ashore on a small island in the Bahamas

Vasco de balboa- Spain -expeditions to panama

Ferdinand Magellan- Spain- first to circumnavigate the world, he died on the way

Pedro cabral- Portugal - set out for India, blown east by beset and reached Brazil

Hernan Cortes- Spain - Cuba Aztecs allied with them many were killed when the Aztecs rose against them

Francisco pizarro- Spain- what is now Peru silver and princely was mined

Hernando de Soto-Spain - Mississippi River

Henry Hudson-Dutch- New York harbor and sailed up river as far-off as present day Albany (Hudson River)

Jacques Cartier- France - st Lawrence

Spanish Colonial companionable Structure:

1. peninsulares- high colonial positions -born in Spain

2. creoles- wealthy -born in American but are Spanish

3. mestizos- Spanish and Indian

4.



mulattos- Spanish and African or Indian and African or pure Indian or African

Government of new colonies

Spanish Government

- Monarch chose the audiencias (judicial) and the viceroys (executive) -the audiencias chose the conquistadores -the Indians paid the Spanish taxes

-created encomienda placement: natives worked for the Spanish, in return for food, protection, and religious guidance

-motives: gold glory and god

-tried to deal Roman Catholic but couldnt communicate with the...

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